Chapter 23 6. There are also flowers blooming in the cracks

According to relevant information: "During the period from 1903 to 1918, the main Yangtze River shipping routes were roughly evenly divided by four shipping companies: they were the Swire Shipping Company, the Jardine Shipping Company of Jardine Matheson, the Nissin Steamship Club and the Chinese government-run shipping company. China Merchants. The captains of New England and the chief engineers of Scotland dominate the fleets of the United Kingdom and China. In order to avoid price wars, these large shipping companies often negotiate shipping prices internally. In general, the United Kingdom and Japan The shipping industry controls overseas and port-to-port trade, and the Japanese are gradually approaching their opponents (the British accounted for 38% of the total tonnage recorded and calculated by the customs in 1910, and the Japanese accounted for 21%, while in 1919 it was 38% accounted for 38% and 29% respectively). Capitalist countries almost control China’s major foreign trade. [Figure Note 3-47]

"In Hankou, the British, French, Russian, German, and Japanese leases stretched for several miles along the Yangtze River. These miniature European cities were connected by riverside avenues, with beautiful boulevards between roads and sidewalks. Each In the afternoon, foreign social circles gather at the Jockey Club for tea, and then play tennis or golf. Hankou has an 18-hole golf course, one of the best in Asia. Club rooms with balconies—with swimming pools, game rooms, Coat lockers and a large tea room—with a famous long bar, frequented by officers of foreign gunboats patrolling the Yangtze River. Foreigners enjoy privileges in China. 07” [Illustration 3-48]

Under the strong pressure of foreign imperialism and feudal regimes, the development of Chinese capitalism was full of hardships.The modern coal mining industry and nearly half of the cotton textile industry are in the hands of foreigners. [Picture Note 3-49] However, the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the autocratic monarchy and removed obstacles for the development of capitalism in China.During World War I, European countries relaxed their economic aggression against China, and mass anti-imperialist and patriotic struggles promoted the development of national capitalism. In particular, in 1915, the movement to boycott Japanese products and promote domestic products was launched due to opposition to the "21".Geological movements provide a market for Chinese democratic capitalism.It was patriotic to do so at that time, but now it is a disaster for the country and the people.Boycott McDonald's, laid-off aunts and sisters-in-law, poor college students who work, they fight with you, that is to create employment opportunities for China.Saving the country by industry and democratic republic were the two major trends of thought at that time. Driven by patriotism and stimulated by profits, the national bourgeoisie invested in new industries.At that time, national industry and commerce developed rapidly. One important reason was that capitalists were patriotic and could make money.The protagonist in the TV series runs a dyeing and weaving factory and mainly competes with Little Japan.He can earn money by opening a dyeing factory, which is more than earning money by digging food in the earth. He can resist the small Japanese economic aggression and earn money. Why not do this?Therefore, driven by patriotism and economic interests, the development of national capitalism has been greatly accelerated.

From 1912 to 1919, light industries such as textiles and flour industries developed the fastest, and only light industries developed the fastest.Zhang Jian became a model of national industry and commerce.Famous industrialists include Zhou Xuexi, Rong Zongjing and Rong Desheng brothers.Zhang Jian, the No. 1 Scholar in the Jiawu Division, was appointed as the editor of 08 by the Imperial Academy. Once you enter the Imperial Academy, you will be famous for your whole life. The Imperial Academy is a place for the country to reserve talents. People like Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang all came out of the Imperial Academy. Yes, after a few years in the Hanlin Academy, you can be promoted to the third and fourth ranks, and then you can go up to the first and second ranks.As a result, he worked for more than a hundred days and went home to do business.This is the most famous No. 1 industrialist in the late Qing Dynasty. He won the No. 1 Scholar and did not become an official. He started his own business and saved the country through industry. Moreover, he was the leader of the Constitutional School in the late Qing Dynasty.

The development of China's national industry in this period was only a "short spring", and there were still great limitations, which were reflected in the characteristics of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.Of course, among national enterprises, the foundation of heavy industry is weak, and an independent and complete industrial system has not been formed; compared with foreign capital, national capital is very weak. Even so, during the Revolution of 1911, although the bourgeoisie was not a direct participant in the revolution, they were supporters of the revolution, and Shanghai businessmen established contacts with the leaders of the Tongmenghui.In different cities, the attitude of the bourgeoisie will be different. In some places, the bourgeoisie is more active, while in other places the bourgeoisie adopts a wait-and-see attitude.

After the open conflict between Yuan Shikai and Sun Yat-sen broke out, the bourgeoisie needed to consider their own interests.They have to be careful not to let go of a gesture of intimacy or hostility.The turbulent situation has made the bourgeoisie short-sighted.Since the birth of the Chinese bourgeoisie, its revolutionary nature and compromising nature have always accompanied each other. In China, the self-sufficient natural economy still prevailed, and some capitalists and landlords did not give up land or other feudal exploitation while investing in modern industry.In the TV series "The Orange Is Red", the master has a business in the city, and there is a large orangery in the countryside. If the orangery is sold, wouldn't it be better to invest the money in industry?But he thinks that the land is the safest, at least, the price of land must be constantly rising, and there is no possibility of falling.If I can't continue to operate the factory, I will sell the factory, and I will never sell the land.He never thought that once the war broke out, the land would not be able to run on his back, the factory machinery and equipment would be shipped away, and he would be able to start working again by renting a few rooms in the rear, but what about this land?Once Little Japan comes, the land will be gone, you can't dig out the land and carry it on your back, so the Chinese people's land complex is terrible.You see, no matter how rich Bill Gates is, he would not say that he would use it to engage in real estate.China's national capital cannot be developed, "buying wealth at the end and keeping it at the root", resulting in a lack of funds for development.