Chapter 17 7. Bringing up foreign religions to offer sacrifices to the Great God

At the end of the 19th century, foreign religions spread all over Shandong.Chinese cultural people are all influenced by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and some Chinese believers who join foreign religions are local hooligans.The purpose of their human education is to expect foreigners to cover them, so that they don't have to kneel when they see the county magistrate, and they can run wild in the village and bully men and women.This is a question of the personal qualities of believers and has nothing to do with religion.However, the peasants, who were under multiple oppressions, found an outlet full of state morality. They targeted the creation of goodness at foreign religions, and then at foreigners.This simple mentality developed into the slogan of the Boxers: Help the Qing Dynasty and Exterminate the Foreign Countries.

A major feature of the Boxers is that they rely almost entirely on superstition and witchcraft to maintain the masses.The practice function is invulnerable to swords and guns, and can invite characters from ancient Chinese history or legends such as Guan Gong, Zhao Yun, Wu Song, Monkey King, Zhu Bajie, Huang Tianba, Fan Lihua, and Avalokitesvara to help him fight.Many members of the regiment recite spells and draw talismans from time to time, and they call themselves "great immortals" and claim to have magical powers.In this regard, more and more people believe it is true, and the superstitious atmosphere of the whole society has reached its peak.

Leaflets are distributed everywhere, and the leaflets are printed: "God helps boxing, boxers, because devils trouble the Central Plains. Advise and teach, believe in heaven, do not believe in gods, forget ancestors and immortals. Men have no sex, women commit adultery, ghost children are all born by mother and child If you don't believe me, look carefully, the devil's eyes are all blue. There is no rain in the sky, the ground is scorched and dry, it is all because of the church to stop the sky. The gods are angry, the gods are angry, and they go down the mountain to pass the Tao together. It is not evil, not white lotus, chant mantras , the truth of the law. Raise the yellow watch, respect the cigarettes, please go down to the gods in the caves. The gods come out of the caves, and the gods go down the mountain, attaching to the human body to pass the fist. Learn all the arts of war. , Destroy the steamer in an emergency. Great France, fearful, Britain, America, Germany and Russia will disappear. Foreign devils will be completely eliminated, and Jingjiang will be ruled by the Great Elimination.

Boxer poems are everywhere: "The disciples work hard with one heart, and the grass and water everywhere turn into soldiers. The ignorance of the body is immortal, and the foreigners will be wiped out." At that time, the government was also bullied by foreigners. One eye, one eye closed. When Shandong broke out, the big powers protested.Seeing it from above, it would be impossible to make a big fuss, so the imperial court appointed Yuan Shikai as the governor of Shandong. After Yuan Shikai took office, he invited ten of the most powerful senior brothers to come to Futai Yamen for dinner.After drinking for three rounds, buddy, are you really invulnerable?Once these ten people put the cups, there is no problem, and they are invulnerable.Yuan Shikai said to pull back and try.It was too late for the ten people to repent at this time, and they were dragged to the commander's mansion, and there were a dozen German Mauser guns, and none of them failed to enter.

Yuan Futai used scientific methods to fight against superstition. When the Boxers saw it, the master of Futai did not believe in evil, and this place was not suitable for us to mingle, so he turned to Hebei and pushed into Beijing and Tianjin. In the palace, the Empress Dowager Cixi was worrying about abolishing Guangxu. The old lady wanted to abolish Guangxu. The son of Liduanjun Wang Zaiyi was the eldest brother and was going to take over Guangxu's class.I have already thought about the year name, and it is called Baoqing. In order to abolish Guangxu, Cixi declared that Guangxu was seriously ill and asked all places to recommend famous doctors for diagnosis and treatment.Unexpectedly, this move was self-defeating and was opposed by the imperial court. The foreign ministers were very concerned about this matter and sent people to negotiate with the Prime Minister's Yamen, demanding medical treatment for Emperor Guangxu.Empress Dowager Cixi was forced to take a foreign doctor to the stage, only to find that Emperor Guangxu was in good health, and her idea of ​​abolishing the Emperor by virtue of illness was self-defeating.

At the subsequent ceremony for the appointment of the elder brother, none of the ministers of the great powers was present, and they did not give the old lady any shame. The great powers said why did you lock up the emperor, you are illegal, and they are a modern country ruled by law.Cixi said that this is our family matter, can you control it? Since the Boxers helped the Qing Dynasty and wiped out the foreign countries, and the people's hearts are available, let them fight against the Western powers.Even if you can't kill foreigners, you can't kill the Boxers?This thing can at least block bullets, and the power of Yiheguan has grown.

With the support of Lafayette, the Boxers are even more powerful.Both Prince Zhuang and Prince Duan set up altars in the mansion, and the two kings have become masters. Prince Zhuang led people into the palace to catch the second son, that is, Guangxu.The Boxers in Beijing set fire to Dashilan outside Qianmen, Lao Deji Foreign Medicine Store, and burned the place where aspirin was sold.More than 5,000 houses were burned, and the bustling Dashilan was scorched. Someone begged the elder brother who set the fire to cast a spell to put out the fire. The elder brother pretended to make a gesture, saying that a demon had broken his "spell" and slipped away.The Boxers offered a reward in Beijing, 100 taels of silver for killing a foreigner, 70 taels of foreign women, 40 taels of foreign children, 6 bishops, 45 priests, and more than 40 nuns killed in each province.The possibility of nuns being invaders is relatively small, and the Boxers almost killed foreigners whenever they saw them.

18,000 believers were killed, and 18,000 of them were Chinese. Anyone who is a believer is a traitor.You dare to say that our Chinese warships are not as good as Japan, you dare to say that, you are finished, I will not compare with you in the tonnage and displacement of warships, I will not compare with that, you say that China is not good, you are a traitor, you say that our Chinese equipment is behind the United States, How dare you say that, you traitor.You said that there is corruption in the palace in China now, traitors.Tens of thousands of Boxers surrounded the embassy area and attacked the embassy.

There were only more than one hundred guards from various countries in the embassy, ​​and all those who could hold guns lay on the wall and shot.I couldn't get in for more than a hundred days.At that time, King Duanjun forged the imperial edict to suppress Cixi's abdication by the foreign powers. Cixi was furious when she saw it, and felt that the foreign powers were bullying too much, so she declared war on them.Cixi should be the idol in the eyes of cynics, the greatest Chinese grand dame, no one is greater than Cixi, she declared war on the eleven countries in one breath.The Qing Dynasty created an unprecedented move in the past and present.This declaration of war, people came.

In 1900, the eight-nation coalition forces of Britain, Russia, Germany, France, the United States, Japan, Italy, and Austria invaded Beijing from Tianjin. Italy sent 53 troops, Austria sent 58 troops, and 111 troops were added together, which were also part of the Eight-Power Allied Forces. The Eight-Power Allied Forces took the train from Tianjin to Beijing. The train was slow back then, not half an hour now.At that time, it was supposed to arrive in half a day, but the coalition forces had just arrived in Langfang after four days and three nights. Because the Boxers were powerful, they "picked the railway to pull the poles, and went to overturn the steamer in the sea". Become a sapper.

So the Allied Forces reached Langfang, with nowhere to go. More than 8,000 members of the Boxer Regiment, with the cooperation of more than 2,000 patriotic Qing troops, launched a courageous attack on the Allied Forces of the Eight Nations. There are 62 coalition troops. The Boxers rushed at the Eight-Power Allied Forces with jars of blood and urine. The machine gun was a magic weapon, and it stopped firing when it was splashed with blood.You really rushed to the battlefield with a bag in your arms, spilling it all on yourself.The coalition forces were very angry when they were splashed with urine, and the consequences were very serious. The Eight-Power Allied Forces captured Dagu and invaded Tianjin, captured Tianjin, and approached Beijing.The coalition army is called the motley army.Needless to say, miscellaneous brands, eight countries.The bastards are all black, white, and yellow. There are more than 800 French soldiers in the coalition army, mainly composed of Vietnamese, and there are only Moroccans and Algerians.The British army consisted of more than 3,000 people, mainly Indians. In addition, there were Chinese from Hong Kong and Weihaiwei. The Chinese army composed of Shannon and Weihaiwei Chinese was often mistaken for the Qing army. In fact, it could be seen from the uniform that it was the British army.Maybe the pure ones are Americans.This army cannot even elect a commander-in-chief, and no one in the Eight Kingdoms will obey anyone, so why should you be the commander-in-chief, no one wants you.In the end, after arguing and arguing, the Russians proposed that whoever sent more troops should be the commander-in-chief. At that time, the Russians had the largest number of 4,800.Japan immediately agreed, and our Fukushima division immediately landed 15,000 people in China. If the Russians said it, I didn't say it.After the quarrel was over, the Russians had a brainstorm and made another proposal, whoever had the highest military rank would be the commander-in-chief, because I was a lieutenant general.Germany said yes, our emperor is sending Marshal Waldsee to China, and he will arrive soon.Russia said that I did not say that.In the end, the U.S. and Mud sent troops along both sides of the canal to Beijing at three o'clock in the morning. Germany said, I will not go, I have to wait until Marshal Vadersee arrives. The German soldiers did not arrive until after the war at Vadsee, and the German soldiers began to march north. The Allied Forces of the Seven Nations set off at 3 o'clock in Beijing, and Little Japan got up at 2:30 o'clock. Anyway, no matter what time they set off, no one kept the time.It felt like it was too late. 16,000 coalition forces, 8,000 Japanese, 4,800 Russian, 3,000 British, 2,100 American, 800 French, 50 Austrian, 53 Italian, 110,000 guards in Beijing, and two The 300,000 "invulnerable" Boxers, of course, the 200,000 to 300,000 "invulnerable" Boxers heard the gunfire, and most of them got oil on their feet.This is the same as today's cynic youths, usually yelling to beat this one and kill that one, very happy, because it makes others bleed, and it really hits me, I don't know if I have incontinence?The huge city of Beijing was declared occupied for more than five hours.The coalition forces captured Dongzhimen, and the old queen hurried away. The old queen disguised herself as a peasant woman of the Han nationality, and ran away with the emperor. Along the way, she posted cakes, cooked porridge, ate and slept in the open, without taking anything away.As soon as the Allied forces entered Beijing, the world was full of flowers, and the world was bright and bright. More than 1,100 officials at all levels in Beijing and their families committed suicide and died for the country.You play with me, fight one to earn money, fight two to earn one, what does suicide mean?Some officials threw their whole family into the well, and the well was full, and the last one who jumped in was knocked to death, not drowned.In another family, dozens of members hanged themselves from the beams, and they all floated as soon as they entered the door.Soldiers of the Allied Forces held national flags and broke into the alleys, mansions in the east and west of the city. As soon as they inserted it, it belonged to our country.The gate of the mansion was robbed, the palace was burned to ashes, and the Gengzi nation suffered a great loss.According to records, on the day the city was destroyed, it was useless for foreigners to kill people.But there was the sound of gunfire, women and children crying for help, and corpses littered the streets.Beijing has become a real cemetery, with dead people everywhere, no one to bury them, and wild dogs are allowed to nibble on the lying corpses. Comrade Deng Xiaoping said: China entered the 20th century with the shame of the capital being captured by the enemy. The Boxer Regiment, whose purpose was to save the country, failed to save the country, causing catastrophe.I don’t know if it’s because they want to save the country. According to them, they want to save the country. In the end, instead of resisting insults, you caused disasters, which caused the Eight-Power Allied Forces to invade Beijing.The capital of China was captured by the enemy three times in modern history. Beijing in 1860, Beijing in 1900, and Nanjing in 1937.A total of three times.The biggest loss should actually be this time, the disaster of the Gengzi country.Beijing suffered heavy losses this time. If you want to say how many things were stolen by burning the Old Summer Palace, you can still count them, but you can never count the things that the coalition forces plundered from the common people.Even Vadsi, the commander-in-chief of the Eight-Power Allied Forces, also confessed, "All the damage and robbery losses suffered by China this time will never be found out, but the number must be extremely significant." Then the "Xin Chou Treaty" was signed . In 1900, the Qing government was forced to sign the "Xin Chou Treaty" with 11 countries.The main contents are: indemnity.China's indemnity was 450 million taels of silver, paid off in 39 years, with an annual interest of 4%, and a total of 980 million taels of principal and interest, secured by customs duties, regular duties and salt taxes. Delineate the embassy area, delineate Beijing Dongjiaomin Lane as the embassy area, and become a "country within a country".Chinese people are not allowed to live in the area, and countries can send troops to garrison it. Dismantle the fort and garrison troops.By dismantling Dagu and all Yantai that hinders the passage from Beijing to the sea, the imperialist powers can station troops in 12 places along the railway from Shanhaiguan to Beijing. Coerced the Qing government to promise to suppress the anti-imperialist struggle.The Chinese people are forever prohibited from forming or joining any organization that is "enemies of all countries", and offenders will be sentenced to death.Provincial officials must keep foreigners safe.Otherwise, you will be dismissed immediately and will never be hired.Wherever anti-imperialist struggles occur, civil and military examinations shall be suspended for 5 years. "Apologize" to Germany and Japan.The Qing government sent princes and ministers to Germany and Japan to express "regret" and built a memorial archway at the place where the German minister Klind was killed. Officials who had supported the Boxers were punished, and more than 100 officials were imprisoned, exiled, or executed from the central government to the local government. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs was established, and the Zongli Yamen was changed to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the head of the six departments of Ban Lie, which became a specialized agency for the Qing government to negotiate with the great powers. At that time, the embassy district in Dongjiaomin Lane was not just an alley in Dongjiaomin Lane. It stretched north to Chang'an Street, east to Chongwenmen Inner Street, and south to Qianmen Street. It was separated from the Forbidden City by a wall. year.By 1936, we had paid more than 600 million taels of silver. Russia shared more than 100 million taels of this money, and Germany shared 90 million. No more, Austria was also defeated, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire did not give any more. France, the United States, and the Netherlands returned the money to China. Only Japan was built with this money, and it stretched out its hand in the coffin—it wanted money to death, and it was paid until 1936. The signing of the "Xin Chou Treaty" caused serious harm to China: the huge indemnity was an unprecedented large-scale extortion by the powers against China; in order to pay the indemnity, the Qing government stepped up the search for the people, making the life of the Chinese people even poorer, and the social and economic Even more withered. The "Embassy Circle" established in Beijing is actually a "state within a state" and is the base camp of the imperialists planning to invade China.Foreign aggressors controlled the Beijing-Tianjin area, putting the Qing government completely under the control of the army, which made it easier for the aggressors to directly send troops to suppress the anti-imperialist struggle of the Chinese people. According to the provisions of the treaty, the officials of the Qing Dynasty severely suppressed the anti-imperialist struggle of the Chinese people, and further became an accomplice of imperialism. The provision of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the treaty made it easier for the Qing government to implement a traitorous foreign policy in accordance with the will of foreign invaders. The "Xin Chou Treaty" was an unequal treaty with the largest amount of reparations, the most serious loss of sovereignty, and the deepest spiritual humiliation in modern Chinese history, which brought unprecedented disasters to the Chinese people and established the status of the Qing government as a loyal lackey of capitalist powers .Since then, the Qing government has become a tool for capitalist powers to rule China. The signing of the "Xin Chou Treaty" marked that China had completely reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.