Chapter 35 5. Sticking to the old book is still invincible

Considering the domestic situation and war consumption, Japan hopes to swallow China in a short time.After conquering North China, the Japanese marched south to attack Shanghai, and then took Nanjing to give the Kuomintang a blow.Adjacent to Nanjing, Shanghai is where Chiang Kai-shek made his fortune, and it was his "Longxing" place.The Japanese army chose such a route, and the national government had no way out.Immediately Chiang Kai-shek issued a self-defense declaration, expressing resistance to violence and defending the country.The Kuomintang went to the front for the famous Battle of Songhu.

The national government at the time of the Songhu Battle can be said to have moved its capital.China has participated in more than 70 divisions with more than 700,000 troops, and the Japanese army has participated in 12 divisions with more than 200,000 troops.At that time, the national power of China and Japan was very different. Japan’s annual GDP was more than 6 billion U.S. dollars, and China’s was more than 1 billion U.S. dollars. Such a big country basically remained in the agricultural society of the Middle Ages.The gross national product is only equivalent to 1/6 of Japan's, and the military strength is even farther apart.Japan's navy is the third largest in the world.The total displacement of warships reached 1.7 million tons.Second only to the United States and Britain, there are 10 aircraft carriers and 10 battleships.China only has warships of more than 60,000 tons, and many of them are grandfather-class warships left over from the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. They are older than the grandfathers of the sailors. It would be good if such ships can go to sea.The Japanese army has more than 2,600 aircraft, while China has only 305. They are wooden aircraft with double wings and an open cockpit. They cannot fly high. A layer of aluminum skin.To deal with China's wooden planes, Japan's cabin bullets are all incendiary bombs. As long as they reach the wooden planes, the planes will be accurate, and there are only 305 of them.There are 500,000 active soldiers in Japan and 3 million soldiers in the countryside. They are all reservists who have received strict military training and have strong combat effectiveness.The Chinese army plus the Communist Party’s army was 2 million at the time, and the Central Army accounted for about a quarter. The remaining troops, especially the warlord troops, basically had no combat effectiveness.

Basically, the Japanese soldiers have an education level of elementary school or above, and even graduated from junior high school. They can tinker with cameras, operate mortars, binoculars, and understand maps.Chinese soldiers were basically illiterate. In 1949, the literacy rate of Chinese was 20%.Therefore, in the Battle of Songhu, the Chinese army killed and injured more than 40,000 Japanese troops at the cost of 270,000 casualties, a ratio of 65:1.It was pretty good at the time. [Note 5-75] The current situation of the Chinese army is similar to that during the Opium War. Although there are many people, they are distributed all over the country. In the case of extremely backward traffic conditions, it will take time to transfer the army to the Songhu battlefield.At that time, the most elite units of the national army were the three German equipment divisions, the 36th, 87th, and 88th divisions. The 87th and 88th divisions guarding Nanjing are the garrison troops. Now it may take an hour to go from Nanjing to Shanghai by bullet train, but it will take more than 20 hours to get there at that time, and there will be Japanese planes bombing above.When the 36th Division was transferred from Xi'an to the Songhu battlefield, Chiang Kai-shek ordered Song Xilian, the commander of the 36th Division, to limit the division to arrive in Shanghai before a few months or a few days, otherwise the division commander will go to the army before the execution.Master Song was in a hurry, organized the whole division and went straight to the train station. When they arrived at the train station, they said sorry, the transport capacity is not enough, and I can't pull a division.What to do if there are not so many, let’s go to one brigade first, a division has two brigades, let’s go to one brigade first, how can we find it to rush to the battlefield, so one brigade got on the train.The train is going to Baoji, come down, there is no railway, the railway will be repaired here, so all the brigades get off, get off and look for a car, sorry, there are not so many cars that can’t pull a brigade, so go to a group first, a brigade Two regiments go to one regiment first, get in the car and run halfway down, there is no gasoline, what to do if there is no gasoline, go to one camp first, pump out the oil in the cars of the two camps and put it in this camp In the car, run first, and what to do when there is no fuel at the end of the run, the whole battalion finds the best body to form a company holding the flag of the 36th Division, and runs into the Songhu battlefield.Therefore, when the flag of the 36th Division of the National Revolutionary Army arrived in Shanghai, only a handful of people actually arrived.

The first division of the national army in the Songhu Battle was filled in, and the Japanese sea, land and air artillery fire came up, and it was all shot in a week.It may not be used for a week, and a company with more than a hundred people is basically finished in one day on the battlefield.After the soldiers of Chiang Kai-shek's Central Army entered Shanghai, he lit a cigarette with a light bulb. They must have never seen a lamp before. He thought it was wax and could light a cigarette. This is a soldier of Chiang Kai-shek's Central Army.So you can imagine that China was completely like a society in the Middle Ages at that time. The soldiers had never even seen electric lights, and the quality of the soldiers can be imagined.There is a power grid in the small Japanese position. How can the Chinese soldiers understand this? They will chop it with a big knife. Once it is cut and hung there, the comrades will rescue him. One company will hang there. He will not know that it is the power grid. You can’t go there pull him.I don't understand, a company is all-rounder hanging there, and I haven't seen electricity.So the Battle of Songhu lasted for more than three months. Little Japan originally wanted to destroy China in more than three months, but it took more than three months to fight Shanghai alone. So although the battle was shocking, it can be seen The huge disparity in national strength between the two countries.

One side occupies a high-rise building, covered by chariots and fighter planes, and designed with cross-fire nets, and the other side is covered by the corpses of comrades-in-arms. The Kuomintang troops suffered heavy losses in the siege battle before, and progress was very difficult.Subsequently, the Japanese army continued to send reinforcements to force the landing. From mid-August to November 1937, the Chinese army withdrew from Shanghai, with an average daily input of more than 300,000 troops. It is no exaggeration to say that the Chinese army is fighting bloody battles. After the Japanese army occupied Shanghai, they approached Nanjing, and the war of aggression against China further escalated.Chiang Kai-shek has called senior generals three times to discuss the issue of defending Nanjing.The capital of the national government was captured, which was somewhat embarrassing.However, even though everyone had the heart to defend Nanjing, they did not have the strength. Nanjing City was heavily surrounded by the Japanese army, and the armies defending the city fought for many days, causing heavy casualties.In the end, the Japanese army entered the city, Nanjing fell, and the national government was forced to move its capital to Chongqing.

The Japanese army attacked from Shanghai to Nanjing, and massacred the Chinese people along the way. The level of cruelty is outrageous.The Holocaust was organized, totally unjustifiable and completely inhumane.If the surrender was not accepted, all the captives were executed, machine guns were fired, gasoline was burned, and corpses were thrown in rivers and lakes. In just a few days, 300,000 Nanjing citizens were massacred, and blood flowed everywhere in Nanjing.Why does the Kuomintang keep losing battles?The soldiers of the national army fought bravely. At this time, the soldiers of the Kuomintang all sacrificed their lives for benevolence and sacrificed their lives for righteousness, all of them were like this.At that time, a military song of the National Revolutionary Army sang this way: "The blood of Chinese men should be sprinkled on the frontier. I don't care about planes, and I don't panic about heavy artillery. I will fight for justice. The muzzle of the gun is right, the bullet is loaded, go! Go! Going out of Shanhaiguan, the shame of our country is in Shenyang. Chinese men are unparalleled in righteousness and courage, and the country will not perish if they bleed for the country! Triumph as a national soldier, and death in battle is a national martyr. Loyalty will shine forever in the annals of history!"

The Kuomintang soldiers were very brave in fighting against Japan, especially the Central Army, and they were not afraid of death, but why couldn't they defeat Little Japan?Because the Kuomintang is a one-sided anti-Japanese line, does not mobilize the masses of the people, and only relies on the government and the army.In fact, there is a problem here, why doesn't the Kuomintang mobilize the masses?It is because the Kuomintang's class attributes are opposed to the masses, and he dare not arm the masses.So what kind of government can arm the masses?The premise must be that this government is elected by the people, so he dares to arm the masses, because he knows that if I arm the masses, the masses will not overthrow me with guns.A government that is not elected by the people absolutely dare not mobilize the masses.Furthermore, the battles fought by the national army are regular battles, the two armies confront each other, guns against guns, poles against poles, soldiers against soldiers, generals against generals, what is the use of mobilizing the masses?You mobilize the masses, the tanks come up, let the masses go up, it’s useless, what can they do, hit, it doesn’t matter, the motor vehicles are fully responsible.You can't do that, it doesn't work.And to be honest about the war, you want the common people, why do the soldiers use it?If you are an ordinary person fighting a war, you will inevitably have accidental injuries. It is obvious that Israel is fighting Hamas today. There is no distinction between soldiers and civilians. Then I will shoot down. The second floor is occupied by people, and the first floor is used to launch rockets. Then this building It doesn't matter whether I fry the building or not, this one doesn't matter.

No matter how brave the Kuomintang army was, the result of the war was that Shanghai failed to defend, it was too far away to defend, and in the end even Nanjing failed to defend. The Japanese army carried out the tragic Nanjing Massacre. In 1938, the Japanese army was divided into two groups, from North China and East China to Xuzhou.The Chinese army left heavy troops in Xuzhou, and the Battle of Xuzhou broke out on the frontal battlefield.Under the command of General Li Zongren, the commander-in-chief of the Fifth War Zone of the National Army, the Taierzhuang victory was achieved. This is the biggest victory on the frontal battlefield since the Anti-Japanese War.In the Battle of Taierzhuang commanded by General Li Zongren, after more than a month, our army killed and wounded 11,984 Japanese soldiers, captured 719 people, captured 31 cannons, 11 armored vehicles, 8 large and small tanks, more than 1,000 light and heavy machine guns, and more than 10,000 rifles.Basically, the 10th Division of the Japanese Army [05] was disabled, and the commander of the division, Rensuke Isoya, was dismissed from his post and returned to the country to be transferred to the reserve.The division numbers of the Japanese army are within 20, including the Guards Division, the 1st Division, the 2nd Division, the 3rd Division, the 4th Division, the 5th Division, the 6th Division, and the 7th Division , 8th Division, 9th Division, 10th Division, 11th Division, 12th Division, 14th Division, 16th Division, 19th Division, and 20th Division belong to Type A divisions [06].As far as Jianjun is relatively old, especially the seven divisions 1 to 7, this was in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and the combat effectiveness of Type A divisions is very strong.Then, the divisions numbered 20 to 50 are the B divisions, the divisions after 100 are the C divisions, and the numbers 50 to 100 are the D divisions. Their combat effectiveness is arranged in this way, so when you look at the division numbers in Japan, you can see Know what level of troops he is.The 10th Division, also known as the Himeji Division, is a Class A division of the Japanese Army. It was one of the 17 standing divisions of the Japanese army before the outbreak of World War II. It was well-equipped and was regarded as a model of modern divisions by the Japanese army.Later, as soon as the War of Resistance Against Japan entered a stalemate, our opponents were basically the C-level and D-level divisions, because the A-level divisions were all transferred to the Pacific battlefield to fight against the Americans.However, the Taierzhuang victory was a victory in the battle, but the battle failed, and Xuzhou fell.The defenders broke through to defend Greater Wuhan, and the Battle of Wuhan broke out.In the Battle of Wuhan, China had a total of 1.1 million troops, and the Japanese army had a total of 350,000 troops, but in the end Wuhan fell.

This is the case in many Sino-Japanese wars.During the Battle of Wuhan, the Chinese army captured Wanjialing Street, and several armies surrounded the 106th Division like an iron barrel.Seeing to create a brilliant record of annihilating one division of the Japanese army at a time, the headlines of the newspapers were ready to publish news.At that time, the officers of the 106th Division almost suffered all casualties and ran out of ammunition and food. At this time, the Japanese planes came, and the airborne commanders threw ammunition and supplies, organized troops to break through, and the bombers blasted a bloody path.The Chinese were dumbfounded. They thought it would be difficult to fly with wings, but they forcibly opened up a way out from the sky. This is modern warfare, three-dimensional warfare.We have never seen it, so in the end the whole battle failed, and the Japanese army occupied Guangzhou and Wuhan.

The fall of Guangzhou and Wuhan marked the end of the defensive phase of the Anti-Japanese War and the entry into the stalemate phase of the war.