Chapter 13 3. Spokesperson for the advanced class

The Westernization Movement stimulated China's national bourgeoisie, and Chinese society began to undergo changes that were different from the past.The invasion of foreign capitalism after the Opium War broke down China's self-sufficient economy and expanded the commodity market and labor market.It can provide markets and labor for the West, and it can also provide markets and labor for China, as long as you are willing to do it.Secondly, stimulated by foreign companies, China's bureaucratic landlords and businessmen invest in modern industry, not only by foreign companies, but also by the Westernization School. He saw that this thing can bring in money, which is more profitable than land planing, so they just Start doing this.

In the 1860s and 1870s, capitalist industries emerged in Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin and other places. The more famous ones were Shanghai Fachang Machine Factory, Guangdong Nanhai Jichanglong Machine Silk Factory, and Tianjin Yilaimou Machine Mill.Jichanglong Machine Silk Factory is a textile factory, and Yilaimou Machine Mill grinds something, flour.In other words, they are all light industries, and these factories are separated from the enterprises established by the Westernization Group.Those companies with such a strange name are the enterprises of the national bourgeoisie. The national bourgeoisie is privately established. Unlike state-owned enterprises with relatively large names, such as Hanyang Iron Works and Hubei Weaving Layout, you are Jichanglong Machine Silk Factory, which can represent Hubei. ?Your family opened a small restaurant called China World Hotel, and the Industrial and Commercial Bureau would never register it for you. What kind of China World Hotel is yours, and your Beijing Hotel will not register for you.Where is Beijing Hotel?What is difficult is that the two military industries and civilian industries of the Westernization School are not easy to distinguish.

The bourgeoisie is an advanced productive force.The proletariat is the representative of advanced productive forces, and the bourgeoisie was also a representative of advanced productive forces.The West adopts the modern enterprise management model, and the factory manager cannot use a whip to beat people, and he cannot do it even if he knocks on the board.In fact, Chinese capitalists are also the masses of the people, and they are also oppressed. Who are they oppressed by?These are the three mountains we often refer to, and they also oppress capitalists.Unlike in foreign countries, the capitalists are the masters of the sky, not in China.A capitalist is oppressed, so he is revolutionary.And the property owners always hope to maintain social stability, "If you die today, you will die, even if you plan to do big things, you will die if you wait for death, is it possible to die a country?

"The rebels are always proletarians, and I will die anyway, so how does Marx call - the proletariat rise up and fight, what you lose is the chain, and what you gain is the whole world. Why can the proletariat fight? I have nothing , Waiting for death, is it possible to die a country? The bourgeoisie cannot do this. They hope for social stability, and when the level of social turmoil exceeds their ability to endure, they will retreat. So now any country, If stability must have a huge middle class, a country with property owners can be stable. Therefore, the fundamental reason for the compromise of the bourgeoisie is here.

Generally, in European and American countries, there is a bourgeoisie before the proletariat. In China, it is just the opposite, because it was born in a foreign enterprise.The working class came from bankrupt farmers and handicraftsmen, and the Chinese proletariat also emerged from the factories and mines founded by the Westernization Movement and the national bourgeoisie. The barefoot is not afraid of wearing shoes, and the proletariat is deeply oppressed, so the revolutionary is the strongest.These workers and peasants who come from bankrupt peasants are easy to form an alliance, and their high degree of concentration makes it easy to fight.