Chapter 3 Commentary on Amitabha Sutras Said by the Buddha ⑴

1) Buddha: a brief introduction to Buddha, translated as the enlightened one or the wise man.Awareness has two meanings: awareness, awareness, and awareness: awareness of afflictions, so that they do not cause harm, is omniscient; awareness of the truth of all dharmas is clear, like sleep and dream, called enlightenment, and is all kinds of wisdom.Awareness has the meaning of self-awareness, awareness of others, and the perfection of awareness and conduct: those who are conscious are different from ordinary people and heretics; those who perceive others are different from the two vehicles;In addition, in the scriptures, this teacher is usually referred to as Sakyamuni Buddha.

2) Amitabha: Amitabha, translated as infinite.There are three translated names: Infinite Life, Infinite Light, and Nectar. These three names are in turn the titles of Dharma, Retribution, and Response.According to the "Infinite Life Sutra", Amitabha has thirteen titles. The "Infinite Life Sutra" says: "That's why the Buddha of Infinite Life is called the Buddha of Immeasurable Light, the Buddha of Boundless Light, the Buddha of Unimpeded Light, the Buddha of No Opposite Light, the Buddha of Flame King, the Buddha of Pure Light, the Buddha of Joy, the Buddha of Wisdom, the Buddha of Unending Light, Difficult to contemplate Light Buddha, Wuming Light Buddha, Transcendent Sun and Moon Light Buddha." Also, "A" means "not born originally", and it is called "Empty Truth"; "False Truth"; "Tuo" means "such as" and is called "Middle Truth".Therefore, the three characters of "Amitabha" are used to name the "Three Truths" of emptiness, falsehood, and middle.The Amitabha of Esoteric Buddhism is manifested by the wonderful observation wisdom of the five wisdoms of the Great Sun Tathagata.

3) Jing: The general title is also the abbreviation of the Qi Jing.The scriptures spoken by the Buddha are in agreement with the principles proved by the Buddhas and the opportunities possessed by all living beings, so they are called the Sutras of Agreement.The classics, the path, is the thoroughfare to enter the Tao; the classics, the latitude and longitude, use various principles to make everything clear and orderly; the classics, the constant, the truth that has never changed through the ages; the classics, the thread, runs through All kinds of things are also written; the scriptures are also taken into account, and all kinds of roots are taken into account to make all living beings enter Buddhism and Taoism.Fuyou, Yongquan: The meaning is endless, and if you recite it sincerely, you can get infinite meaning and flavor; Birth: Can produce wonderful goodness, those who often recite the scriptures can rely on the power of the scriptures to turn rigidity into softness, change ignorance into wisdom, and eliminate sins to give birth to blessings , to achieve good deeds; Shengmo: It can be a model for the world and beyond the world, just like the Shengmo of a carpenter, setting up rules and squares, and using regular script to determine good and evil; showing: it can show righteousness, so that readers can enlighten and enlighten them.

4) Yao Qin: It belongs to the period of "Eastern Jin and Sixteen Kingdoms" in history, and the time is between 304 and 439 AD.At that time, in addition to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, some feudal regimes were established successively, including: Han (former Zhao), Cheng (Chenghan), Qianliang, Later Zhao (Wei), Former Yan, Former Qin, Later Yan, Later Qin, Western Qin, Houliang, Nanliang, Beiliang, Nanyan, Xiliang, Beiyan, Xia and other countries were called "Sixteen Kingdoms" in history.Yao Qin refers to the country built by Yao Xing in the later Qin Dynasty to distinguish it from the Qin Kingdom built by Fu Chang in the former Qin Dynasty, so it was named Yao Qin.

5) Dharma Master Tripitaka: Tripitaka, Sutras and Laws.The study of the interpretation of the scriptures, the study of the interpretation of the law and the study of precepts, and the study of the interpretation of wisdom.Precepts, samadhi, and wisdom have no omissions, and they are the bridge to get out of the sea of ​​suffering, and the good medicine to transcend the ordinary and become holy.A monk who can understand the Tripitaka and benefit himself and others is called a Dharma Master of the Tripitaka. 6) Kumarajiva: Named Kumarajiva, translated as Tongshou, his father was from Tianzhu, he became a monk to Kucha, married the king's sister, and gave birth to him.In a short time, his mother became a monk and gained the fruit of Taoism.At the age of seven, he became a monk with his mother and traveled all over the Western Regions. He always learned from others and was best at Mahayana.In the 19th year of Jianyuan, Fu Jian, the master of the Qin Dynasty in Kucha, sent the general Lu Guang to attack Kucha and returned it.In Liangzhou, Wen Fu was defeated because of self-reliance.Later, Yao Xing of the Later Qin Dynasty conquered Liang and surrendered, and even entered Chang'an.Xing used the etiquette of the national teacher, and still made it into Ximing Pavilion and Xiaoyao Garden to translate the scriptures, and translated more than 380 volumes.In the eleventh year of Qin Hongshi's death in Chang'an, he was cremated, his salary was destroyed and his body was shattered, except for his tongue.

7) So I heard: "Thus" is the Buddha's words. "Ru" means true likeness, if it doesn't move, it means that the meaning of the Buddha's teachings will not change for thousands of kalpas; Those who do not lie, those who do not speak differently." "I" is Ananda. "If so" is the achievement of faith, and "I hear" is the achievement of hearing.Adding "Time", "Lord" (Buddha), "Earth" and "All" constitutes "Six Achievements", which is the first of all scriptures. 8) A moment: a certain moment or a certain period of time.Due to historical (time) differences and geographical (spatial) differences, it is impossible to point out the exact time.This just reflects the vastness and boundlessness of Buddhism. The time and space it refers to vary with different worlds, and it is correct to be vague.This "one moment" is exactly the time when the Buddha wishes to appear, and all living beings are familiar with it, and feel the Taoism.This "one moment" is also one of the "six achievements".

9) Shewei State: or Yun Sheputi, this is the translation of "wenwu", which means that there are many treasures from this city;Tiantai cloud, Shewei City is also known as "Shevati". In the past, there were two immortals. The younger brother was named Shepo, which said "youthful"; City too.When the Buddha was alive, King Bosni once lived here. There was Zhiyuan Vihara in the city. 10) Zhishu Gi Lonely Garden: When the Buddha was alive, there was an elder, whose Sanskrit name was "Sudata", translated as Shan Shi, also known as "Gi Lonely", who built the Zhi Huan Abode.The wealthy businessman of Savatthi City in Josaro, Central India, is charitable and fond of loneliness, so he got this name.Hearing Sakyamuni Buddha's teachings in Rajagha City, he deeply surrendered to him. Please go to his country and buy a garden with many princes as a gift to Sakyamuni, so that he can teach the Dharma.The prince joked that the land can be sold with gold cloth.Xu Data used gold to spread the ground, and the prince gave it with only trees, so the garden got its name: "Only trees give lonely garden".

11) Bhikkhus and monks: Men who become monks are called monks, and women who become monks are called bhikkhunis.Bhikkhu, monks who have received full precepts are commonly called Bhikkhu.Translated as beggars, except famine men, Taoist priests, etc.Its meaning is: a beggar, above all, begs for the Dharma from Buddhas and Bodhisattvas to gain wisdom and life, and below all people, begs for food and clothing to plant a field of blessings, hence the name beggars.Eliminate afflictions: You can eliminate afflictions by cultivating the holy way.Horror demons: Shave their heads and wear dyed clothes as monks to scare the demon king and the demon people, fearing that they can walk the right way and enter Nirvana.Pure precepts: It is called pure precepts because of the pure precepts that are held to the end of life.Eliminate famine: use it to plant a field of blessings for all living beings, so that all living beings can be blessed and eliminate the hunger of all living beings;Taoist priests, all those who practice Taoism can be called Taoist priests. There is no distinction in ancient times, and it is not the same as people who practice Taoism as Taoists today.Sangha means "public", and monks and monks mean the public of monks.

12) Big Arhat: Arhat, translated as "killing the thief" (killing the thief of troubles), "should be offered" (rewarded with its fruit, and should be supported by humans and heaven), "not born" (permanently cut off life and death, no longer be born) .All the delusions of the color-breaking realm and the colorless realm jump out of the three realms and are no longer reborn.The position before it is cut off is "xiang", and the one that has been cut off is "fruit" (this is the fruit of no learning).There is no birth and no birth, all leaks have been exhausted, there is no more troubles, the birth is exhausted, the action is standing, the work has been done, and there is no future, and it should be supported by humans and gods.The great arhat, according to Yuan Ying's old Master Yuanying's "Lecture Notes on the Shurangama Sutra", should be a great bodhisattva who has already broken down life and death in stages and is about to cut off life and death with "the sound and hearing traces on the outside and the Bodhisattva's inner secrets". .

13) Known by the public: "the public" refers to the masses of heaven and man. "Knowledge" has ambiguous meanings: for the general public, being famous for Yangde is "knowledge", and meeting and listening to teaching is "knowledge"; for Arhats themselves, "knowledge" is to know truth as it is, "knowledge" "The one, the name of Botong Shida Consciousness-Only Learning. 14) Elder: De La (La is the year of becoming a monk) has a high reputation.There are three types: those who have a long history of virtue and practice, who rank above all the monks, are called "supreme monks", also known as senior elders; Elders; those who have great fortune and are admired by the public are Elders of Ford.

15) Shariputra: It is also called Shariputra, and the new one is called Shariputra.Relic is the name of the mother, and there are two translations in ancient times: one is the name of the bird, which is translated as the autumn heron, because the mother's eyes are like that bird, or because the mother's eloquence is like the autumn heron; the other is "body" and "bead". It is named "Shen" because of its mother's beautiful body shape, and it is named "Zhu" because of its mother's intelligence in the eyeballs. "Fu" is translated as "son". "Fahua Wenju" said: "The body has become a Buddha for a long time, named Jinlongtuo, and helped Sakyamuni to be a disciple of wisdom on the right." And heard a lot, in the sixteen points, it is still less than one." 16) Maha: Sanskrit, translated as big. There are three kinds of "big": the great wish (willing to become a Buddha), the great practice (six perfections and ten thousand actions), and the greatness of saving sentient beings (to save all sentient beings).There are also three kinds of "bigness": great aspiration, one can arouse the great mind of bodhi; one who is diligent, one can be brave and diligent; one who does not regress, one can obtain the fruit position of non-regression. 17) Mujianlian: It is abbreviated as Mulian, and the new name is Mahamat Jialuo.One of the top ten disciples of the Buddha, known as the first in supernatural powers.Supernatural powers are made by concentration, so they are assigned to the left side, and they are disciples on the left side of the Buddha. "Theory of Wisdom" says: "Shariputra is a disciple on the right side of the Buddha, and Moggallana is a disciple on the left side of the Buddha." At the beginning, he and Shariputra were one of the six masters and heretics. They were quite proficient in teaching and each led a hundred disciples.After hearing the Buddha's teachings, each led a hundred disciples to join the Buddhist sect. 18) Kasyapa: It is called Maha Kasyapa, Kasyapa is translated as a turtle or drinking light, one of the Brahmin caste, named Biboluo, named after his parents prayed to the tree god Bipaluo.As the son of a wealthy elder, he was able to give up great wealth and practice the great practice of Tuduo. He was known by adults, so he was named with a great title, different from Shili, Uloupina, and other Kasyapa surnames.The meaning of the tortoise is that its ancestors learned Taoism, and the spirit tortoise should bear the image of the fairy, and follow the family of virtue.The light drinker, with the flames of the ancient immortal body, can make the peripheral vision disappear.The light of the body of this venerable can also reflect objects, and he can also perform the actions of Thutuo. Among the ten disciples of the World Honored One, Thutuo is the first.In addition, the World Honored One displayed flowers on the Vulture Mountain to show the crowd, but the crowd didn't know what it meant. Du Kasyapa smiled with a smile on his face. Therefore, the Buddha taught Kasyapa the Zhengfayanzang and the wonderful mind of Nirvana, and he is the ancestor of Zen. 19) Jiazhanyan: Mahakazhanyan is the most discussed among the top ten disciples of the Buddha.Jiazhanyan translated it as "cutting shaved, fan rope, good shoulder", one of the ten surnames of Brahmans.He is very good at eloquence, good at embellishment, can modify sentences with literary grace, and the language he speaks is elegant and pleasant, which makes those who hear it happy. 20) Ju Xi Luo: also known as Ju Se Sha Luo, the name of Arhat, translated as Knee. "Xuanying Yinyi" says: "Ju Se is ashamed of Luo".This is Uncle Shariputra, and so is Changclaw Fanzhi.It was not as good as her sister's discussion, so she became a monk in anger, wrote Brahma, entered the southern Tianzhu Kingdom, and began to read scriptures, vowed not to cut her fingers and claws, and read all the scriptures, hence the name Changzhao Brahma.After finishing his studies, he returned to his country, where he was interested in the place of the Buddha, and wanted to debate with Shariputra. He was convinced by the Buddha, and he cut off his wrong views and obtained the holy fruit. 21) Lipoduo: It is also said that Lipoduo, Liyue, the name of Arhat, the name of the twenty-eight constellations, the name of the room, and the son obtained by praying for stars.It may be called False Harmony, but when he meets two ghosts fighting over the corpse, he realizes the principle of false reconciliation in the human body and becomes the cause and condition for becoming a monk and attaining the Tao.Among the Buddha's disciples, sitting meditation is the first, and being free from confusion is the first. "Zengyi Ahan Sutra" says: "Sitting in meditation, the mind is not disturbed, and the so-called Liri Bhikkhu is." 22) Zhou Lipan Tuojia: translated as Jidao and Xiaolu.Two brothers, their parents traveled to Zhonglu to give birth to a son, called Pante.Pan special person, the righteousness of the road.Later, he gave birth to a son on the road, named Zhou Lipante, Xiaolu also.The elder brother is smart, the younger brother is dull.His brother taught him half of the gatha (two sentences) but he couldn't recite it, and he was so ashamed that he wanted to kill himself.The World Honored One turned into a tree god to persuade him, taught him to read the word "broom", and finally became enlightened and obtained the fruit of Arhat.Among the top ten disciples of the Buddha, righteousness is the first. 23) Nanda: There are two Nandas, one is a cattle herder, translated as good joy, also named Xinle.Because he asked the Buddha eleven things about herding cattle, he knew that the Buddha possessed all wisdom, and he became an arhat when he became a monk.One is Sundara Nanda, and Sundara translates it as Yan, which is the name of his wife, because he has a beautiful wife.Because he had a beautiful wife, he was not happy to become a monk. The Buddha used convenience to make him an Arhat. 24) Ananda: That is Ananda, translated as joy, joy, the son of King Jingfan, the younger brother of Devadatta, and the younger brother of Buddha.One of the top ten disciples, born on the night when the Buddha became enlightened.He became a monk at the age of twenty-five, and served the Buddha for twenty-five years. He received and upheld all Buddhist teachings, and he was the most learned among the disciples of the Buddha. "Zengyi Agama Sutra" says: "The first bhikkhu among my voice-hearers, who knows the time and things, knows the time and things, has no doubts, remembers them, has learned a lot, and can bear to offer them. The so-called Ananda Bhikkhu is." "Cloud: "Recite the scriptures in the right way, and understand the three Ananda: Ananda, this cloud rejoices, and holds the Hinayana; Buddhist treasure." 25) Luohouluo: the old ones are Luoyun and Luohouluo, and the new ones are Hoolahura, the son of the Buddha. He was born on the night when the Buddha became enlightened in the sixth year of his womb. He became a monk at the age of fifteen and later became an Arhat.Among the top ten disciples of the Buddha, he is the first in esoteric practice.Later, at the Fahua meeting, he returned from the small to the big, and was remembered by "Dancing the Seven Treasures of the Tathagata".Luo Houluo, Qin Yan said that the recovery of obstacles, the meaning of recovery, one is that the time of birth coincides with the eclipse of King Asura's eclipse of the moon; the other is that he was blocked by his mother's womb for six years; Not begging for food every day, after falling into hell, the remaining seven years will be in the womb of the mother; one is that in the past, because of the plugging of the mouse hole, it lived in the womb for six years; The immortal was ordered to go out for six days without listening to the confession, so he was ordered to live in the fetus for six years. 26) Qiao Fanboti: also known as Qiao Fanboti, the name of a bhikkhu, translated as Niukousi, Niuwang, and Niu Ping. "Fahua Wenju" said: "Giovan Boti, this is Niukousi, "Infinite Life" is called the king of cattle, and "Zengyi" mentions the traces of cattle. In the past five hundred generations, he was once the king of cattle. After the cattle ate, Constant things are in vain, and the rest of the report is not finished. He often chews, and people at that time were called Niukousi." Hearing that Sakyamuni Buddha, Sariputra, Mulian, etc. all entered Nirvana, they also entered meditation in the sky, and their bodies lived in space. Amplify the light, and emit water and fire, rub the sun and the moon with your hands, perform various miraculous transformations, and enter extinction after speaking gatha. 27) Bintou Lu Poluo Falling: It is called Bintou Lupoluo Falling Oath, abbreviated as Bintoulu or Bintou, the first Bintou Lu Venerable among the sixteen arhats.Live forever in the world, showing the appearance of white hair and long eyebrows.The first name is Bintoulu, which translates to "do not move"; the surname is Poluotuo, which translates to Jieji, Ligen, Chongtong, etc., and is one of the eighteen surnames of Brahmins.He was originally a minister of King Udayan of Kushemi City. The king made him a monk with his diligence and proved the fruit of Arhat.As for the white clothes, who used supernatural powers in vain and blamed for the Buddha, they were not allowed to live in Jambudvipa and sent to Xiniuhuozhou.Afterwards, the four congregations of Jambudha thought and saw it, and praised the Buddha, and the Buddha listened and returned, but they were not allowed to enter Nirvana, so that they could live forever in Mount Mori in the southern sky, and save all living beings after the Buddha's extinction.This venerable Futian is the first. 28) Kaludayi: The name of the bhikkhu, translated as Qi Shi, Obsidian, Black Light, a Brahmin species, the teacher of Prince Siddhartha when he was in the palace, and a monk as a monk. "Ci En Amitabha Sutra" says: "" Zengyi Ahan" says that Kaliu Dayi's body is extremely black, and he begs for food at night. When the sky is dark, he comes to his house. There is lightning in the sky, and the woman of that family is pregnant. When I saw it in the electric light, I thought it was a black ghost, and I was terrified and had an abortion.... The Tathagata knew it, that is, ordered the bhikkhu, from now on, I will not eat Chinese food." 29) Robbina: Also known as Robbina, Robbina, translated as Fangsu, a native of Josaro, a disciple of the World Honored One, able to know the stars, and the first among all monks.His parents prayed for Fang Xing to inspire their children, so they used Fang to give birth to their names.It is also said that this person stayed in the monk's house, and the Tathagata knew that he was familiar with him, so he turned into an old monk and lived with him, that is, he transformed into a monk at night and obtained the Tao, so he said that he lived in the house.Or Yunfangxing, Fangxing is born now, so Yunfangxing. 30) Bokuluo: also known as Bojuluo, Bojuluo, etc., translated as good appearance and great shape. "Xuanying Yinyi" says: "Bo Juluo, this cloud is kind, and if you keep one precept of not killing, you will get five immortals." Giving alms, ninety-one kalpas will not fall into the evil way, receive the blessings of heaven and man, and the body will always be disease-free, and in the end will attain the way of Arhat." Longevity is the first among the monks. "Zengyi Agama Sutra" says: "The number one bhikkhu among my sravakas lived an extremely long life and never died. The so-called Bokura Bhikkhu is." 31) Analutuo: formerly known as Analu and Anatuo, translated as Ruyi, Wupin, and newly called Anilutuo, translated as Wude Ruyi.Among the Buddha's ten disciples, Tianyan is the first. He is the Buddha's younger brother, the Shashi clan of Kapila City, the son of the King Ganlufan, and the Buddha's cousin.At the beginning of becoming a monk, he was greedy for sleep, and Buddha thought he was like a beast. Hearing the responsibility, he did not sleep for seven days, and then lost his sight.The Buddha was sympathetic to his blindness, so he taught him the method of "Illuminating Vajra Samadhi", which can open the eyes of the sky, and the result will be clairvoyant. The Shurangama Sutra states: "Analu saw Jambudvipa, as if seeing the fruit of the nunnery in the palm." At the beginning, Analu was extremely poor, and he stopped eating one meal a day.Later, when I met a Pacceka Buddha who asked for charity and endured a day of hunger to make offerings to the saints, I felt that I would always enjoy happiness in the heaven and earth for ninety-one small kalpas, free from poverty and all kinds of unsatisfactory things, so it is called Wupin and Ruyi. 32) Bodhisattva Mahasattva: Bodhisattva, the abbreviation of "Bodhisattva" in Sanskrit. "Bodhi" means enlightenment and Taoism; "Safe" means sentient beings and all living beings.Also translated as Kaishi, Gaoshi, Dashi, etc., the general name is the Mahayana sentient beings who seek the Buddha's fruit, arouse Bodhicitta, and practice the Bodhisattva way.There are two meanings of self-awareness and awareness of others: for oneself, one seeks the Buddha way above, and above one seeks Bodhi for self-awareness;Therefore, Bodhisattvas are enlightened sentient beings; sentient beings who can awaken sentient beings are also sentient beings.Mahasattva: The abbreviation of Mahasattva, translated as big heart, all living beings, great sentient beings.Maha is called great, and Sa is called sentient beings, that is, sentient beings who have the great heart of being a Buddha. There are three kinds of "big": the great wish (willing to become a Buddha), the great practice (six perfections and ten thousand actions), and the greatness of saving sentient beings (to save all sentient beings). 33) Manjushri: Newly known as Manjushri.There are six translations, old and new: 1. The Sutra of Infinite Life and Nirvana Sutra translated as "Miaode"; 2. The Sutra of Wuxing translated as "Miaoshou"; 4. "Amu Jing" and "Puchao Jing" are translated as "Ru Shou"; The new translation of "Nikkei" is "Miaojixiang".Manjusri or Manjusri is translated as Miao, Jing and Pu; Shili or Shili is translated as Head, Virtue and Auspicious.This Bodhisattva is a pair with Samantabhadra Bodhisattva, who often serve Sakyamuni Tathagata on the left and serve as wisdom.Manjusri is the teacher of the seven Buddhas, and all three generations are the Tathagata on the fruit: in the past, it was called "the Tathagata on the dragon species", now it is called "Huanxi Zangmani Baoji Buddha", and in the future it will be called "Universal Buddha".All Bodhisattvas are called the Prince of Dharma, but Manjushri is the only one who takes the virtue of Manjusri above all Bodhisattvas and is the head of all Bodhisattvas. 34) Dharma Prince: Buddha is at ease in Dharma, so he is called Dharma King. The "Fahuajing Parables" says: "I am the Dharma King, and I am at ease in the Dharma." Called the King of Dharma, it started from the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty who named Basiba the Great Treasure King of Dharma.Bodhisattvas are born in the family of Dharma King Buddha, so they are collectively called Dharma Prince.In the scriptures, Manjusri is often referred to as the Prince of Dharma, and he is regarded as the seat of the Sakyamuni, the first way to help Buddhism. "Great Wisdom Theory" says: "The Buddha is the king of the Dharma, and the Bodhisattva has entered the Dharma and even the tenth place, so he is known as the prince, and they are all appointed as the Buddha, just like Manjushri." 35) Ajita: That is Maitreya, the new name of Maitreya, every mile, the surname of the Bodhisattva, translated as Cishi; the name of Ajita, translated as Invincible, born in the Brahmin family of South Tianzhu, and taught the Buddha of Sakyamuni, In order to make up for the Bodhisattva, he is now in the inner courtyard of Tushita Heaven. He was reborn in the human world at the age of 5.67 billion, and attained enlightenment under the dragon flower tree in Hualin Garden.This Bodhisattva used to be worthy of the Buddha's compassionate samadhi, so he was called Cishi. 36) Qiantuo Heti: also known as Qiantuo Hezhou, the name of the Bodhisattva, translated as Xiang Xiang. "Xuanying Yinyi" says: "Qiantuo Heri Bodhisattva, the new way is called Fragrant Elephant Bodhisattva." Also, Qiantuo Heti, Hua said "do not rest", so the Bodhisattva wishes to do great things and often practice six perfections Wanxing vows to eradicate the suffering of all living beings until the distant future, endlessly, hence the name. 37) Constant Diligence: This bodhisattva has gone through many lives and kalpas, practiced the six paramitas extensively, and regards all sentient beings as himself, so he preaches and saves people everywhere.If all living beings are stubborn, and even beat and scold the Bodhisattva, the Bodhisattva, with great compassion and great aspirations, will never give up, never turn back, can eradicate the suffering of all beings, and can share the joy of all beings. Buddha. 38) Shi Tihuan Yin: The full name of Shakya Tihuan Indra, Sakyamuni translated as "Neng", the surname of the Emperor of Heaven; Tihuan translated as "Heaven"; Indra translated as "Emperor", that is, "Neng Tiandi".Living on the top of Mount Sumeru, he is also the Lord of the Dao Li Heaven (that is, the Thirty Three Heavens).In the past, it was named Amagadha, Huayun was harmless, that is, the place where the emperor Shi Shixiu used to be in the country of Magadha, there was great wisdom of merit, thirty-three friends all cultivated merit, and all of them were born on the top of Mount Sumeru at the end of their lives. In the sky, Amagadha is God, and thirty-two people are ministers.He once presented a bull head and sandalwood tree to the Buddha in Kupiluo Kingdom to build a lecture hall. 39) The masses of the heavens: the heavens, including the heavens of the desire realm, the realm of form and the heaven of the formless realm.The heavens of the Desire Realm are the Six Desire Heavens, the first and the fourth Heavenly King Heavens, the second is the Trayali Heaven, the third is the Yamo Heaven, the fourth is the Tushita Heaven, the fifth is the Bliss Transformation Heaven, and the sixth is the Other Transformation Freedom Heaven; the Form Realm Heaven is the New Heaven. It is called the four meditation heavens, the heavens born from the four meditations of the first, second, third, and fourth.Each of these four heavens is divided into several types. For example, the first, second, and third dhyana heavens are each divided into three kinds, and the fourth dhyana heavens are divided into nine kinds, making a total of eighteen kinds of heavens. Formless realm heaven; formless realm heaven, this realm is formless and colorless, only the mind and consciousness live in subtle meditation, divided into four heavens, the sky of boundless consciousness, the sky of boundless space, the sky of nothingness, and the place of neither thought nor non-thought sky.The masses, that is, the eight divisions of heaven and dragons, human beings, and many others.Among the eight tribes of Tianlong, the sky and the dragon are the two groups headed by the eight tribes, so they are called the eight tribes of Tianlong.The eight divisions are Heaven, Dragon, Yaksha, Gandharva, Asura, Garuda, Kinnara, and Mahulaka.Heaven: As noted above in "The Heavens".Dragon: It has divine power, can change clouds and rain, and can protect and uphold Buddhism.Yaksha: also known as Yaksha, translated as being able to eat ghosts, brave and strong, light and agile, etc., can fly, can eat people, and hurt people.Then there are Rakshasas, the ghosts and gods to which they belong.Gandharva: also known as Jiandabo, translated as Xiangyin, Xiangshen, Xunxiang, who enjoys the name of the god, does not eat wine and meat, but only eats incense, and serves the god of Emperor Shixing playing music.Asura: Also known as Asura, Asura, translated as groundless (ugly), Wujiu (do not drink), non-heaven (the result is better than the sky but not the sky, because it is in the way of ghosts and animals), Often fight with Emperor Shi.Jialouluo: Also transliterated as Garuda, the old translation is Garuda, and the new translation is Mythic Bird. It feeds on dragons. The distance between the two wings is 3.36 million miles, and Jambudvipa can only accommodate one foot.Jinnaluo: also known as Jinnaluo, the old translator is not a human being, but the new translation is the god of music, the god of music in the sky.It resembles a human being with horns on its head, and people are surprised to see it and say, "Human? Is it not human?" Hence the name: "Human is not human."The male has the head of a horse and can sing and dance, while the female is beautiful.Mohuluojia: also transliterated as Mohuluojia, Mohuluojia, translated as the python god, and also the god of joy, whose shape is human and snake head.Human is not human: There are two explanations for human and non-human: one is kinnara; the other refers to human and non-human.Non-human beings are all tangible (such as those that can be seen by humans in the animal world) and invisible (such as those that humans cannot see, such as gods) other than human beings. 40) Buddha land: the land where the Buddha lives, the territory where the Buddha teaches.It has distinctions such as pure land, dirty land, reward land, and dharma land.The so-called soil is the place of shelter.The Dharma-nature soil is the soil of principle, that is, the real soil, which is the soil where the real Buddha lives, but it is not actually the soil.The receiving soil is the land of retribution, and it is a paradise for enjoying the blessings of the Buddha.Dharma-nature land and reward land are both pure lands.The land he uses is the pure land shown to bodhisattvas above the first stage.The Land of Transformation is the land where the bodhisattvas and all sentient beings below the first ground appear, and it is also called the dirty land.Usually, the three thousand great thousand worlds are taken as the transformation environment of a Buddha. The width of the three thousand great thousand worlds is exactly equal to the fourth dhyana heaven, and the transformation into and out of existence occurs at the same time. 41) Railing: It is the railings and handrails on the side of the corridor.The vertical ones are columns, and the horizontal ones are hurdles. "Follow" sound follow. 42) Snare net: The jewels are connected as a net to make a solemn tool.The net in front of the Emperor Shark Hall is called the Emperor's Net. The "Lotus Sutra" says: "Pearl nets are stretched on top of it." The "Infinite Life Sutra" says: "The trees in the Taoist temple are four million miles high,...the precious nets are placed on top of them." 43) Row tree: refers to the treasure tree made of the seven treasures in the Land of Ultimate Bliss. The merits and virtues make those who see, hear, even touch and eat, all benefit immeasurably. 44) Four treasures: gold, silver, colored glaze, and glass.See Betting for details. 45) 周圈: 周者, around, around; 场者, around, circle around. 46) Qibao: Qibao has many sayings. "Infinite Life Sutra" says: "gold, silver, glass, glass, coral, agate, clam"; "Lotus Sutra" says: "gold, silver, glass, clam, agate, pearls, roses"; The "Prajna Sutra" says: "Gold, silver, glass, clam, agate, amber, coral." Note that here only the treasures of the Saha world are used to describe the things in the Pure Land of Ultimate Bliss, and all things in the Pure Land are made of immeasurable objects. Transformed by pure merit and virtue, the "subtle fragrance and cleanness" cannot be described by the treasures here. 47) Water of eight merits and virtues: the pools of seven treasures in the Land of Ultimate Bliss and the sea within the seven golden mountains of Mount Sumeru are all filled with waters of eight merits and virtues. "Praise the Pure Land Sutra" said: "What is the name of the eight merit water? One is clear, the other is cool, the third is sweet, the fourth is light and soft, the fifth is moist, the sixth is peaceful, and the seventh is to relieve hunger and thirst when drinking, etc. There are countless disadvantages, and the eighth is that drinking can surely grow and nourish the four major benefits. 48) Liuli: also known as Liuli, a kind of ore-based colored translucent material.Yan Shigu's annotation quotes "Wei Lue": "The Great Qin Kingdom produced ten kinds of colored glazes: red, white, black, yellow, blue, green, turquoise, cyanotic, red, and purple. Glass, Sanskrit, and Qinyan "golden treasure", came out It is located in the "not far away mountain" outside the city of Balonai, so it also says "not far away treasure". 49) Glass: This is Sanskrit, not glass as it is now called.Also known as Poli, the new translations are Pozhijia, Suopozhijia, Saibozhijia, etc., which are equivalent to the water essence (crystal) of this side.Translated into Chinese as crystal, there are four colors of purple, white, red and green. "Xuanying Yinyi" said: "Poli is also the name of the treasure of the Western Kingdom. This cloud water jade, or cloud white pearl." "Huiyuan Yinyi" says this treasure: "The shape is like a water essence, and the light is more exquisite than the water essence. There are four colors of yellow, green, purple, and white." 50) Tridacna: "Huiyuan Yinyi" said: "The Sanskrit sound is just saying that Musara Jiepo. Musara, this cloud wins; Jiepo, this cloud hides." Li Shizhen said: "The rhyme of the case will be clouded, the car canal, the big shell in the sea, the back Shanglongwen is like a canal for wheels." Later generations added "stone" to the side to form "Tudacna".