"Surname" is a word in modern Chinese, but before the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was a clear distinction between surname and clan.Surnames originate from matrilineal society, and the same surname indicates the blood relationship of the same matriarchy.Most of the earliest surnames in China come from the side of "female", such as: Jiang, Yao, Si, Wei, Ying, etc., indicating that they are clans descended from different grandmothers.The generation of the surname follows the surname, which is the result of identifying the blood relationship according to the paternal line, which is only possible when the patriarchal patriarchal system is established.Therefore, when we read "Huangdi Xuanyuan's family, Ji surname" and "Yandi Lieshan's family, Jiang surname", we can understand that the common ancestors of the Chinese nation, Yan and Huang, belonged to two tribes or In the tribal alliance, one is surnamed Jiang and the other is surnamed Ji, and they each have the surnames that represent their patriarchal leaders; Lieshan and Xuanyuan.The fact that surnames and surnames are strictly different and used at the same time shows that matriarchy has given way to patriarchy, but the influence of matrilineal society still exists, and this influence did not gradually disappear until after the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

This is an elementary school book compiled by a scholar in Qiantang (Hangzhou) in the early Northern Song Dynasty. It turns common surnames into four-character rhymes, like a four-character poem, which is related to recitation and memory. Therefore, it has been handed down to this day and has a great influence. deep.Originally, 411 scriptures were collected and supplemented to 504 surnames, of which 444 were single surnames and 60 were compound surnames. Zhao Qian Sun Li Zhou Wu Zheng Wang Feng Chen Chuwei Jiang Shen Han Yang Zhu Qin Youxu He Lu Shizhang Kong Cao Yanhua Jin Wei Tao Jiang

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